Physiotherapeutic strategies for the treatment of diastasis recti abdominis: a narrative review

Background
Diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) is a common condition characterized by the abnormal separation of the rectus abdominis muscles, frequently observed postpartum. It poses substantial health challenges, leading to compromised trunk stability, altered posture, and diminished physical performance. Given the variability in therapeutic approaches, a systematic analysis of the effectiveness and impact of physiotherapeutic interventions is essential to guide clinical practices.

Aims
The objective of this review is to analyze contemporary therapeutic methods applied in the treatment of postpartum DRA, with particular emphasis on their effectiveness and impact on abdominal muscle functionality.

Material and methods
A comprehensive literature review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions used for treating DRA, including kinesitherapy, manual therapy, electroacupuncture, and Kinesiotaping. The analysis included studies examining the impact of these therapeutic methods on selected parameters in women with DRA.

Results
The findings indicate significant improvements in abdominal muscle function among patients with DRA. Complementary techniques, such as electroacupuncture and Kinesiotaping, may support tissue regeneration processes, enhance tissue flexibility, and aid in trunk stabilization. Specific exercise protocols targeting deep core stability and transverse abdominal muscles were particularly effective in reducing muscle separation and enhancing overall functional performance. Additionally, methods such as Pilates and yoga demonstrated substantial benefits in improving posture, reducing symptoms associated with DRA, and enhancing patient-reported quality of life. The integration of manual visceral manipulation also showed promising initial results, contributing to the overall effectiveness of conservative treatment strategies.

Conclusions
A comprehensive therapeutic approach for managing DRA should primarily incorporate kinesitherapy as a core component of rehabilitation, complemented by supportive methods. Further studies are needed to standardize therapeutic protocols and determine their long-term effectiveness